Building blocks · EthSystems

L1

Privacy primitives that ship inside Ethereum mainnet itself. Protocol-level features and L1 smart-contract patterns institutions can rely on without leaving the base layer.

L2

Patterns implemented at the rollup layer, where private execution and shielded state live off-chain but settle to Ethereum. Where most institutional-grade confidentiality is actually deployable today.

Noir Private Contracts

production

Privacy L2s

production

Private Stablecoin Shielded Payments

testnet

Stateless Plasma Privacy

testnet

Hybrid

Architectures that span L1 and L2. Bridges, escape hatches, dual-execution modes, and shared-state primitives that compose protocols across boundaries. The bulk of the catalog lives here because most institutional flows need both layers.

Forced Withdrawal (L1 Escape Hatch)

production

Open Intents Framework (OIF)

production

Private Transaction Broadcasting

production

Shielding

production

Social Recovery

production

Verifiable Attestation

production

Commit-and-Prove Cross-Chain Settlement

testnet

Delegated Proving (co-SNARKs)

testnet

Low-cost L2 + Off-chain Encrypted Audit Log

testnet

Origin-Locked Cross-Chain Confidential Ledger

testnet

Pre-trade Privacy (Encrypted Order Flow)

testnet

Private Client Authentication for Institutional EOAs

testnet

Private Intent-Based Vaults

testnet

Private Shared State (FHE)

testnet

Private Shared State (MPC + ZK / co-SNARKs)

testnet

Private Shared State (TEE)

testnet

Selective Disclosure (Viewing Keys + Zero-Knowledge Proofs)

testnet

TLS Payment Bridge

testnet

User-controlled viewing keys

testnet

vOPRF Nullifiers

testnet

zk-KYC/ML + ERC-734/735 identity claims

testnet

Atomic DvP via ERC-7573 (cross-network)

concept

Compliance Monitoring

concept

Cross-Chain Privacy Bridge

concept

Crypto-registry bridge (eWpG) with EAS mirroring

concept

EIL (Ethereum Interoperability Layer)

concept

Hybrid Public-Private Modes

concept

Hybrid TEE + ZK settlement

research

Immutable Guarantees

concept

Modular Privacy Stack

concept

Private ISO 20022 Messaging & Settlement

concept

Private PvP (cash to cash) Settlement via ERC-7573

concept

ZK Proof Systems

concept

zk-promises (stateful anonymous credentials)

research

Other

Off-chain and transport-layer building blocks. Cryptographic primitives, network anonymity, and key-management patterns that aren't tied to a specific Ethereum layer but are required to make on-chain privacy actually private.